Automotive sheet metal parts have high production efficiency in industrial production

2024-01-09 15:52:19

Metal plastic forming is a process that uses the plastic properties of metal materials to process them into the desired shape. After the metal material undergoes the forming process, its structure and properties are improved and enhanced. All components that are subject to alternating loads or have harsh stress conditions generally have to go through a plastic forming process to meet the usage requirements. Plastic forming is a chip-free forming method, so the workpiece can obtain a good streamlined shape and reasonable material utilization. The plastic forming method can achieve high precision in workpiece dimensions, and automotive sheet metal parts have high production efficiency.

Plastic forming is divided into cold forming, warm forming and hot forming. Warm forming must consider the effect of temperature on material properties, and hot forming must also consider the creep effect of the material. Metal plastic forming includes block forming, sheet forming and rolling (see Plastic Mechanics). All kinds of plastic forming are based on the premise that metal materials have plastic properties. They all require the action of external forces and are affected by external friction. They all follow the same laws of metallurgy and plasticity mechanics.

The method of applying the principles of plastic mechanics to study the laws of metal forming is called plastic analysis of metal forming. Its tasks are:

① Study various solutions related to mechanics in the plastic forming process to analyze the stress and strain distribution rules in the deformation body, and determine the deformation force and deformation work in order to reasonably select the equipment tonnage and mold strength.

② Study the changing rules of component strain and size during the plastic forming process, and select appropriate blanks and reasonable intermediate blank shapes to optimally achieve the required shape of the component.

③ Study the influence of processing conditions such as temperature and strain rate effect on metal plastic processing resistance and measures to improve metal toughness and reduce resistance to obtain components with good performance.

The plasticity analysis methods of metal forming mainly include principal stress method, slip line method, upper limit method, finite element method, etc.; while commonly used experimental methods include visual plasticity method and dense grid moiré method.